Stanford–Arc Evo models design 16 viable bacteriophage genomes in Science
Stanford and Arc Institute researchers report in Science that genome language models Evo 1 and Evo 2 generated complete bacteriophage genomes templated on ΦX174; nearly 300 candidates were synthesized and 16 viable E. coli–infecting phages with substantial sequence novelty were confirmed (DOI: 10.1126/science.aec2657). A cocktail of the AI-designed phages rapidly overcame ΦX174 resistance in lab-evolved E. coli strains where natural ΦX174-like cocktails failed, pointing toward more durable phage-therapy design while underscoring biosafety needs (human-infecting viruses were excluded from training; work used non-pathogenic hosts). Evo 2 weights remain open for research use.







